Pax Romana Art

Testudo

A Roman siege · Night

1.059 kr1.419 kr Save 360 kr
Opening offer · Ends Nov 22
Choose formatFramed canvas
Choose frameBlack
Choose size Size guide 24x18″

Free US shipping. Made to order: at your door in 3–7 business days.

or
  • Visa
  • Mastercard
  • American Express
  • PayPal
  • Apple Pay
  • Google Pay
  • Printed in the USA. Printed, stretched, and shipped in the USA.
  • Free US shipping. Tracking included on every order.
  • Canvas, framed or not. Stretched over FSC-certified wooden bars, or set in a wooden frame with a 12 mm gap around it.
  • Hanging hardware included. Framed canvas arrives assembled, with the hanger attached.
  • Arrives perfect — guaranteed. Damaged or defective? Free reprint or refund.
Details & specs

Framed canvas

  • Canvas (cotton-polyester blend)
  • Set in a wooden frame with a 12 mm (0.45″) gap around the canvas
  • 42 mm (1.65″) deep
  • Arrives assembled and ready to hang: hanger attached, screws or nails included

Canvas

  • Canvas (cotton-polyester blend)
  • Stretched over FSC-certified wooden bars
  • Hanging hardware included
  • Sizes: 16x12″ · 24x18″ · 32x24″
  • Orientation: Horizontal
  • Medium: Canvas
  • Style: History painting
  • Era: Timeless
Shipping & returns

Made to order and printed and framed in the USA. Produced in 1–2 business days, delivered 2–5 business days after that — 3–7 business days door to door. Free US shipping, tracked.

Damaged, defective or the wrong item? Email a photo within 7 days of delivery and we send a free replacement or a full refund. Because every piece is made to order, change-of-mind returns are not accepted.

Shipping policy · Return & refund policy

Size guide
TestudoFramed canvas · Black · 24x18″ 1.059 kr 1.419 krSave 360 kr
Printed & framed in the USA Printed & shipped domestically
Free US shipping Tracked to your door
Quality guarantee Damaged? Free reprint or refund
Made to order Printed for you in 1–2 business days
Testudo: a painting of Roman legionaries in a testudo of locked red shields advancing under flaming arrows toward a fortress on a cliff
Testudo
A Roman siege · Night

Under a Roof of Shields

The testudo, or tortoise, was the Roman answer to arrows and stones. Soldiers in the front rank held their shields before them, men on the flanks turned theirs outward, and the men inside raised theirs overhead, overlapping like roof tiles. Cassius Dio describes the formation during Mark Antony's retreat from Parthia in 36 BC. He says it was strong enough for men to walk on. He adds that the Parthians, seeing the Romans drop to their knees behind their shields, thought they were collapsing from their wounds and rode in close, only to be driven off.

The tortoise was used above all in sieges. Tacitus describes legionaries at Cremona in AD 69 forming a testudo to reach the rampart of the camp outside the city while the defenders rolled stones and hurled weapons down on them. Fire was a common defense. Ammianus Marcellinus describes fire arrows, hollow shafts packed with burning material, made for exactly this kind of work.

The piece

The painting is seen from low on the ground, just outside the formation. The front shields fill the center of the picture, each painted with golden wings and thunderbolts, emblems linked to Jupiter. They are dented and scorched. Above them a second layer of shields forms a curved roof, already bristling with flaming shafts. Under the edges you can see the legs of the men inside, moving together through the mud. The fortress on the right is almost lost in smoke, and the fire falling through the dark is the only light.

Materia · The materials

Canvas, framed or not.

01

Canvas

A coated cotton-polyester canvas, with deep, true color and the texture of the weave.

02

Wooden stretcher bars

The canvas is stretched over FSC-certified wooden bars.

03

Floating frame

Black, natural wood or dark brown, with a 12 mm (0.45″) gap around the canvas. 42 mm (1.65″) deep.

04

Ready for the wall

Framed canvas arrives assembled, hanger attached, screws or nails included. Canvas comes with its hanging hardware.

Size guide

Find the right size

This piece, to scale, above an 84-inch sofa. Pick a size, or a format and frame above, and the wall follows.

Testudo: a painting of Roman legionaries in a testudo of locked red shields advancing under flaming arrows toward a fortress on a cliff
Sofa · 84″ / 213 cm

Which size?

Sizes are the artwork's. Frames and hangers add a little around the edge.

Above a sofa or bed, art looks best at about two-thirds of the furniture's width, hung 8 to 10 inches above it.